Biwa
The four strings are plucked with a large plectrum (above right). Used to accompany the koto and other instruments, for religious ceremonies, and in performances of modern music.
Length: about 95 cm.

Gekkin
A four-stringed instrument introduced from China in the 18th century. Plucked with picks (above right). Used to accompany folksongs and other traditional music, and with instruments such as the koto. Length: about 70 cm. (1)

Koto
The player would kneel right of center, with his or her back to the camera. The 13 strings are plucked with picks (above) on the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the right hand. A number of koto can be played in an ensemble. Also used for modern music. Length: about 180 cm.

Mukkuri
Traditional instrument of the Ainu people of Hokkaido. Sound is made by pulling on strings attached to a thin bamboo board. The mouth is used to add resonance. (2)

Binzasara
Pieces of wood are held together with strings. Hands are placed at the handles, with about a shoulder width between hands. When the hands are brought toward each other, the wooden pieces hit against each other to produce sounds. Used in traditional folk music. (2)